Article Outline
最近要開始測試client安裝 ubuntu 18.04 的 ansible playbook
因為要不斷的修正，所以想到一直有在自己電腦上執行的timeshift這個軟體
可以很簡單快速的備份、恢復系統狀態
可是不知道為什麼，在ubuntu 18.04 上安裝就是會發生錯誤....
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因為client 的環境都躲在proxy後面，一開始我想說直接下
export http_proxy=http://proxy_server:port
export https_proxy=http://proxy_server:port然後再去依照官方的指令，新增repository就好
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:teejee2008/ppa結果當然不是我想的那麼簡單...
直接就跳錯誤出來了
2019-03-11 13:57:28 [mini@pc074 ~]$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:teejee2008/ppa
Cannot add PPA: 'ppa:~teejee2008/ubuntu/ppa'.
ERROR: '~teejee2008' user or team does not exist.翻了一下google，有找到解法，但沒找到原因，就先這樣吧...(不求甚解)
export http_proxy=http://proxy_server:port
export https_proxy=http://proxy_server:port
sudo -E add-apt-repository -y ppa:teejee2008/ppa
sudo apt isntall timeshift裝好之後，看一下怎麼執行，其實很簡單，也不用特別去指定什麼路徑
2019-03-11 14:00:59 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ sudo timeshift --create --comments "after ansible"
First run mode (config file not found)
Selected default snapshot type: RSYNC
Selected default snapshot device: /dev/sda1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Estimating system size...
Creating new snapshot...(RSYNC)
Saving to device: /dev/sda1, mounted at path: /
Synching files with rsync...
Created control file: /timeshift/snapshots/2019-03-11_14-01-01/info.json
RSYNC Snapshot saved successfully (79s)
Tagged snapshot '2019-03-11_14-01-01': ondemand
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2019-03-11 14:02:20 [mini@pc074 ~]$ 這樣就備份完了，來測試一下備份是否正常，先隨便裝個本來沒裝的軟體
2019-03-11 14:02:20 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ sudo apt install joe
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
joe
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 310 not upgraded.
Need to get 509 kB of archives.
After this operation, 2137 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 joe amd64 4.6-1 [509 kB]
Fetched 509 kB in 2s (254 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package joe.
(Reading database ... 150020 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/joe_4.6-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking joe (4.6-1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3) ...
Setting up joe (4.6-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/joe to provide /usr/bin/editor (editor) in auto mode
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1) ...
2019-03-11 14:09:39 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$確定 joe 已經安裝
2019-03-11 14:09:51 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ joe --help
Joe's Own Editor v4.6
Usage: joe [global-options] [ [local-options] filename ]...
Global options:
-[-]restore Restore cursor mode
-[-]regex Standard or JOE regular expression syntax
-[-]square Rectangular region mode
-[-]icase Case insensitive search mode
-[-]wrap Search wraps mode
-[-]menu_explorer Menu explorer mode
-[-]menu_above Menu above/below mode
-[-]notagsmenu Tags menu mode
-[-]search_prompting Search prompting mode
-[-]menu_jump Jump into menu mode
-[-]autoswap Autoswap mode
-[-]mid Center on scroll mode
-left nnn Left scroll amount
-right nnn Right scroll amount
-[-]guess_crlf Auto detect CR-LF mode
-[-]guess_indent Guess indent mode
-[-]guess_non_utf8 Guess non-UTF-8 mode
-[-]guess_utf8 Guess UTF-8 mode
-[-]guess_utf16 Guess UTF-16 mode
-[-]transpose Transpose menus mode
-[-]marking Region marking mode
-[-]asis Display meta chars as-is mode
-[-]force Force last NL mode
-[-]joe_state Joe_state file mode
-[-]nobackups Disable backups mode
-[-]nodeadjoe Disable DEADJOE mode
-[-]nolocks Disable locks mode
-[-]nomodcheck Disable mtime check mode
-[-]nocurdir Disable current dir
-[-]break_hardlinks Break hard links
-[-]break_links Break links
-[-]lightoff Auto unmark
-[-]exask Exit ask
-[-]beep Beeps
-[-]nosta Disable status line
-[-]keepup Fast status line
-pg nnn No. PgUp/PgDn lines
-undo_keep nnn No. undo records
-[-]csmode Continued search
-backpath sss Path to backup files
-[-]floatmouse Click past end
-[-]rtbutton Right button
-[-]nonotice Suppress startup notice
-[-]noexmsg Suppress exit message
-[-]help_is_utf8 Help is UTF-8
-[-]noxon Disable XON/XOFF
-[-]orphan Orphan extra files
-[-]helpon Start editor with help displayed
-[-]dopadding Emit padding NULs
-lines nnn No. screen lines (if no window size ioctl)
-baud nnn Baud rate
-columns nnn No. screen columns (if no window size ioctl)
-skiptop nnn No. screen lines to skip
-[-]notite Suppress tty init sequence
-[-]brpaste Bracketed paste mode
-[-]pastehack Paste quoting hack
-[-]nolinefeeds Suppress history preserving linefeeds
-[-]mouse Enable mouse
-[-]usetabs Screen update uses tabs
-[-]assume_color Assume terminal supports color
-[-]assume_256color Assume terminal supports 256 colors
-[-]joexterm Assume xterm patched for JOE
-xmsg sss Exit message
-aborthint sss Abort hint
-helphint sss Help hint
-lmsg sss Left side status line format
-rmsg sss Right side status line format
-smsg sss Status command format
-zmsg sss Status command format EOF
-keymap sss Keymap to use
-mnew sss Macro to execute for new files
-mfirst sss Macro to execute on first change
-mold sss Macro to execute on existing files
-msnew sss Macro to execute when new files are saved
-msold sss Macro to execute when existing files are saved
-text_color sss Text color
-help_color sss Help color
-status_color sss Status bar color
-menu_color sss Menu color
-prompt_color sss Prompt color
-msg_color sss Message color
Local options:
+nnn Start cursor on specified line
-[-]overwrite Overtype mode
-[-]hex Hex edit display mode
-[-]ansi Hide ANSI mode
-[-]title Status line context display mode
-[-]autoindent Autoindent mode
-[-]wordwrap Word wrap mode
-tab nnn Tab width
-lmargin nnn Left margin
-rmargin nnn Right margin
-indentc nnn Indent char
-istep nnn Indent step
-[-]french French spacing mode
-[-]flowed Flowed text mode
-[-]highlight Syntax highlighting mode
-[-]spaces No tabs mode
-[-]crlf CR-LF (MS-DOS) mode
-[-]linums Line numbers mode
-[-]hiline Highlight cursor line
-[-]nobackup No backup mode
-[-]rdonly Read only
-[-]smarthome Smart home key
-[-]indentfirst To indent first
-[-]smartbacks Smart backspace
-[-]purify Clean up indents
-[-]picture Picture mode
-syntax sss Syntax
-colors sss Scheme
-encoding sss Encoding
-type sss File type
-[-]highlighter_context ^G uses highlighter context
-[-]single_quoted ^G ignores '... '
-[-]no_double_quoted ^G ignores "... "
-[-]c_comment ^G ignores /*...*/
-[-]cpp_comment ^G ignores //...
-[-]pound_comment ^G ignores #...
-[-]vhdl_comment ^G ignores --...
-[-]semi_comment ^G ignores ;...
-[-]tex_comment ^G ignores %...
-text_delimiters sss Text delimiters
-language sss Language
-cpara sss Paragraph indent chars
-cnotpara sss Non-paragraph chars
2019-03-11 14:09:54 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ 然後還原到剛剛做的備份，用 --list 看一下
2019-03-11 14:11:08 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ sudo timeshift --list
Device : /dev/sda1
UUID : d0efcb3d-e04a-41b8-a046-55557499f4d3
Path : /
Mode : RSYNC
Device is OK
1 snapshots, 108.3 GB free
Num Name Tags Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 > 2019-03-11_14-01-01 O after ansible
2019-03-11 14:11:17 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ 然後還原，中間會問你要不要重新安裝 grub ，就看個人需求，我是都會讓它重新安裝一次啦
2019-03-11 14:11:53 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '2019-03-11_14-01-01' --target /dev/sda1
******************************************************************************
To restore with default options, press the ENTER key for all prompts!
******************************************************************************
Press ENTER to continue...
Re-install GRUB2 bootloader? (recommended) (y/n): y
Select GRUB device:
Num Device Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 > sda ATA TS128GSSD370S [MBR]
1 > sda1 ext4, 128.0 GB GB
[ENTER = Default (/dev/sda), a = Abort]
Enter device name or number (a=Abort): 0
******************************************************************************
GRUB Device: /dev/sda
******************************************************************************
======================================================================
WARNING
======================================================================
Data will be modified on following devices:
Device Mount
--------- -----
/dev/sda1 /
Please save your work and close all applications.
System will reboot after files are restored.
======================================================================
DISCLAIMER
======================================================================
This software comes without absolutely NO warranty and the author takes no responsibility for any damage arising from the use of this program. If these terms are not acceptable to you, please do not proceed beyond this point!
Continue with restore? (y/n): y
Mounted '/dev/sda1' at '/mnt/timeshift/restore/'
******************************************************************************
Backup Device: /dev/sda1
******************************************************************************
******************************************************************************
Snapshot: 2019-03-11_14-01-01 ~ after ansible
******************************************************************************
Restoring snapshot...
Synching files with rsync...
Please do not interrupt the restore process!
System will reboot after files are restored
.d..t...... etc/
>f.st...... etc/mailcap
.d..t...... etc/alternatives/
cLc.t...... etc/alternatives/editor -> /usr/bin/vim.gtk3
cLc.t...... etc/alternatives/editor.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz
cL+++++++++ etc/alternatives/editor.fr.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz
cL+++++++++ etc/alternatives/editor.it.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz
cL+++++++++ etc/alternatives/editor.ja.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz
cL+++++++++ etc/alternatives/editor.pl.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz
cL+++++++++ etc/alternatives/editor.ru.1.gz -> /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz
.d..t...... home/minion/
.d..t...... mnt/
.d..t...... timeshift/
.d..t...... tmp/
.d..t...... usr/bin/
.d..t...... usr/share/
.d..t...... usr/share/applications/
>f.st...... usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
.d..t...... usr/share/doc/
.d..t...... usr/share/man/fr/man1/
cL+++++++++ usr/share/man/fr/man1/editor.1.gz -> /etc/alternatives/editor.fr.1.gz
.d..t...... usr/share/man/it/man1/
cL+++++++++ usr/share/man/it/man1/editor.1.gz -> /etc/alternatives/editor.it.1.gz
.d..t...... usr/share/man/ja/man1/
cL+++++++++ usr/share/man/ja/man1/editor.1.gz -> /etc/alternatives/editor.ja.1.gz
.d..t...... usr/share/man/man1/
.d..t...... usr/share/man/pl/man1/
cL+++++++++ usr/share/man/pl/man1/editor.1.gz -> /etc/alternatives/editor.pl.1.gz
.d..t...... usr/share/man/ru/man1/
cL+++++++++ usr/share/man/ru/man1/editor.1.gz -> /etc/alternatives/editor.ru.1.gz
.d..t...... usr/share/menu/
.d..t...... var/cache/apt/
>f..t...... var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin
.d..t...... var/cache/apt/archives/
.d..t...... var/cache/apt/archives/partial/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/cs/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/da/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/de/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/el/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/es/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/fi/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/fr.ISO8859-1/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/fr.UTF-8/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/fr/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/fr/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/hr/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/hu/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/id/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/it/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/it/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/ja/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/ja/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/ko/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/nl/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/oldlocal/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/pl/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/pl/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/pt/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/pt_BR/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/ro/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/ru/
>f..t...... var/cache/man/ru/index.db
.d..t...... var/cache/man/sk/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/sl/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/sr/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/sv/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/tr/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/zh/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/zh_CN/
.d..t...... var/cache/man/zh_TW/
.d..t...... var/lib/apt/
>f..t...... var/lib/apt/extended_states
.d..t...... var/lib/dpkg/
>f..t...... var/lib/dpkg/lock
>f.st...... var/lib/dpkg/status
>f.st...... var/lib/dpkg/status-old
.d..t...... var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/
>f.st...... var/lib/dpkg/alternatives/editor
.d..t...... var/lib/dpkg/info/
>f..t...... var/lib/dpkg/triggers/Lock
.d..t...... var/lib/dpkg/updates/
.d..t...... var/lib/misc/
>f..t...... var/lib/update-notifier/dpkg-run-stamp
>f.st...... var/log/alternatives.log
>f.st...... var/log/auth.log
>f.st...... var/log/dpkg.log
>f.st...... var/log/syslog
.d..t...... var/log/apt/
>f.st...... var/log/apt/eipp.log.xz
>f.st...... var/log/apt/history.log
>f.st...... var/log/apt/term.log
>f..t...... var/log/journal/8268f4544e414a37ab92123151d94126/system.journal
>f..t...... var/log/journal/8268f4544e414a37ab92123151d94126/user-1001.journal
.d..t...... var/log/timeshift/
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*deleting usr/share/joe/syntax/matlab.jsf
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*deleting usr/share/joe/syntax/m4.jsf
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*deleting usr/share/joe/syntax/iptables.jsf
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*deleting usr/share/applications/jmacs.desktop
*deleting usr/share/doc/joe/man.md
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*deleting usr/share/doc/joe/changelog.Debian.gz
*deleting usr/share/doc/joe/README.old
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*deleting var/lib/dpkg/info/joe.prerm
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*deleting var/lib/dpkg/info/joe.conffiles
*deleting var/lib/misc/editorrc
sent 122,966,173 bytes received 829 bytes 35,133,429.14 bytes/sec
total size is 7,201,040,584 speedup is 58.56
Re-installing GRUB2 bootloader...
Installing for i386-pc platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
Updating GRUB menu...
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-20-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-20-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
done
Synching file systems...
Rebooting system...
Rebooting.
要特別注意，restore完後，會自動reboot
重新開機完成後，就入系統，執行看看 joe
2019-03-11 14:14:53 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ joe
Command 'joe' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install joe
sudo apt install joe-jupp
2019-03-11 14:14:54 [minion@hqpc074 ~]$ 可以看到，剛剛安裝的joe 又變成還沒安裝的狀態了，符合預期中的結果！
可以繼續測試playbook了！