Python stores all of its data in the computers memory. The memory is a block that is divided into sub blocks, where each block has an address.In Python, the id() function is used to obtain the memory address of the object.Because Python is a high-level programming language, you usually don't need memory addresses. The value can be any variable, including a string.

In the <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> programming language, the in operator is membership test operator. You can use it to check if a value exists in an object.That means you don't need to use a for loop to go through the members and use an if to compare (as you may be used to in C)So instead of this:

In coding, you often use branching. A branch in code is executed conditionally. Without branching, you only have a list of instructions and it would always do the same, no matter what happens.Many programming languages support branching. <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> also supports branching. Developers speak of <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/if-statements/">if-statements</a> instead of branching.Python does not have a trailing if statement.

You can create small anonymous functions in <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> using the lambda keyword.By anonymous I mean it doesn't need to have a name, normal <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/functions/">functions</a> start with the def keyword and require a name.A lambda expression is not a statement, it returns a value.Lets say you want a function that returns the sum of its two arguments

Python sequence is the most basic data structure. Each element in the sequence is assigned a number - its position, or index, the first index is 0, the second index is 1, and so on.Python has a built-in type 6 sequences, but the most common are lists and tuples.A sequence of operations can be carried out, including indexing, slicing, add, multiply, check members.

You can log in <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> with the logger module. A log file can display or store messages while the program is running.Logging is very different than just relying on Python errors or <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/try-except/">try-except</a> cases. It is much more broad way to find the bugs in your program.This is especially useful when your program crashes: it gives you another point of entry to finding the bug. With a large program, you save a lot of time o

In this article we'll discuss the Python next() function. The Python next() function returns an iterator to the next item. If you have an iterable, it makes sense to use the next() function.The next() syntax is:next (iterator [, default])

Python language allows loop embedded inside another. A loop repeats one or more lines of code.In programming loops are usually for loops. If a loop is inside another loop, this is called a nested loop. You can make nested loops with a while loop.Python for loop nested syntax:

With the <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> programming language, you can deal with files. Some things you can do with Python are <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/read-file/">read files</a>, <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/write-file/">write files</a>, create files and much more.If you worked with files in Python, you know that dealing with Paths can be quite cumbersome. On top of that paths are written differently on systems like Windows () or Mac (/)You may be familiar with having

<a href="https://python.org">Python</a> has a function that generates numbers, the range function. This function creates a list of numbers.The range function is often used in a <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/for-loops/">for loop</a>, to repeat a certain number of times. You can see it used for creating a list of numbers too, writing down every number manually is just to cumbersome.If the range function has only one parameter, it will count from zero to the end.

Like any other modern programming language, in <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> you can import code from other files or <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/modules/">modules</a>. If you used Python before, you know that you can use modules.With modules (packages) you can use already existing code bases in your own code, saving you a lot of development time.You can import any module with the import keyword.

The keywords Null and None. If you are new to programming you may think they mean zero, they do not. On first sight they look alike, so what's the difference?In many programming languages (C, Java, SQL, JavaScript) there is a Null value. Sometimes explicitly spelled as NULL or null.Not so in <a href="https://python.org">Python</a>, Python does not have a null value.

The requests module lets you make HTTP requests in <a href="https://python.org">Python</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol">HTTP</a> is the protocol of the web. The HTTP protocol has different type of requests, like the get request.So how to use the HTTP protocol directly in Python? Here are some examples. As the name indicates, the GET requests received data from a website:import requests

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) i.e., Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, which is a set of rules for transmitting from the source address to the destination address of the message, it an internet protocol.The python smtplib provides a very convenient way to send e-mail. It smtp protocol for a simple package. You can use pip to install it.Python create an SMTP object syntax is

You can use the Pythons slice() function to create object slices. It is mainly used in the slicing operation in the function parameter.You can use the slice() function for string slicing. The difference with default slicing [start:stop] is that it looks nice.You can use it like slice(stop) or `slice(start, stop [, step])```

In the <a href="https://python.org">Python</a> programming language, you can work with strings. A <a href="https://pythonbasics.org/strings/">string</a> is a text object in Python. If you have a large string (sentence, paragraph, chapter, book), you may want to search in it.Searching in a large string, is known as finding a sub-string. Programming languages handle with this in different ways.How to find a sub-string in Python?

You can do two ways of string formatting in Python. The most easy way is to use f-strings or formatted strings. The other way is similar to the printf function in the C programming language.The printf way:print('this is %d %s pet' % (1,'hungry'))

A CSV (Comma Separated Values) file is a plain text file where each value is separated by a comma.Excel can open CSV Files. This is really cool because it means you can output your data into csv from Python and then open it in Excel.In this article you will learn how to read a CSV file in Python.

In Python programming, if you have a string you can do comparison or so called string matching.Matches the beginning or end of the string is generally used in the matching file type or urlA simple matching function is the general startwith() function.

In some programming languages there are is a statement that does nothing. In assembly there's nop (no operation). How about Python?In Python you can use the pass statement. The pass statement does nothing.Python has the syntactical requirement that code blocks (for, if, except, def, class etc.) are not empty.